As you draft these central ideas, use parallel wording, which is similar wording among key organizing signposts and main points that helps structure a speech. Once you’ve researched your speech enough to achieve your specific purpose, support your thesis, and meet the research guidelines set forth by your instructor, boss, or project guidelines, you can distill the research down to a series of central ideas. It is likely that these key ideas will become the central ideas of your main points, or at least subpoints. As you review your research, take notes on and/or highlight key ideas that stick out to you as useful, effective, relevant, and interesting. Reviewing the draft of your thesis and specific purpose statements can lead you to research materials. Each main point will have a central idea, meet some part of your specific purpose, and include supporting material from your research that relates to your thesis. Think of each main point as a miniature speech within your larger speech. The transitions you add are the connecting tissues that hold the parts together, and a well-practiced delivery is the skin and clothing that makes everything presentable. The information you add to this structure from your research and personal experience is the organs and muscle. The introduction is the head, the body is the torso and legs, and the conclusion is the feet. This type of comparison dates back to Plato, who is frequently attributed with saying the following: Every speech ought to be put together like a living creature with a body of its own, so as to be neither without head nor without feet, but to have both a middle and extremities described proportionately to each other and to the whole. A well-structured speech includes an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Even though most students want to start with the introduction, I explain that it’s difficult to introduce and preview something that you haven’t yet developed. When organizing your speech, you want to start with the body. Chapter 8: Professional Presentations in Organizations
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